Terapias de Terceira Geração nas Perturbações Psicóticas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51338/rppsm.319Palavras-chave:
Empatia, Perturbações Psicóticas/tratamento, Mindfulness, Terapia Cognitivo‑ComportamentalResumo
As perturbações psicóticas são síndromes clínicas que se caracterizam pela dificuldade em distinguir a experiência interna
da realidade externa, com emergência de delírios, alucinações e/ou desorganização psicomotora, experiências frequentemente
angustiantes para o doente. Embora sejam patologias de evolução heterogénea, a maioria dos doentes experimenta
dificuldades na reabilitação psicossocial, com perda de autoestima e de qualidade de vida.
As terapias cognitivo‑comportamentais
de terceira geração, desenvolvidas nos últimos trinta anos, têm sido amplamente
estudadas, com evidência científica a comprovar a sua eficácia no tratamento de várias patologias, como depressão, ansiedade
e dor crónica. Embora o interesse na aplicação destas terapias nas perturbações psicóticas se tenha desenvolvido
mais recentemente, há já vários estudos que demonstram a sua utilidade na redução dos sintomas psicóticos e na melhoria
do bem‑estar
dos doentes com psicose. Esta revisão foca‑se
nos contributos das terapias baseadas em mindfulness, terapia
de aceitação e compromisso e terapia focada na compaixão no tratamento de perturbações psicóticas.
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